The WMA standards have been drafted only as a guide to Doctors/physicians all over the world. Doctors are not relieved from criminal, civil and ethical responsibilities under the laws of land applicable to them.
• All precautions should be taken to respect the privacy of the subject and to minimize the impact of the study on the subject’s physical and mental integrity/health.
• In the purely scientific application of medical research carried out on a human being, it is the duty of the doctor to remain the protector of the life and health of that person on whom biomedical research is being carried out.
• The subjects should be volunteers, either healthy persons or patients for whom the experimental design is not related to the patient’s illness.
• The investigator or the investigating team should discontinue the research if in his/her or their judgment it may, if continued, be harmful to the individual.
• In research on man, the interest of science and society should never take precedence over considerations related to the wellbeing of the subject.
(Ref: 18th World Medical Assembly, Helsinki, Finland, 1964 and revised by the 29th World Medical Assembly, Tokyo, Japan, 1975)
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