Symptoms
of IBS and inflammatory bowel disease may be at least in part related to
impaired absorption of carbohydrates.
Fermentable
oligo-, di- and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) in patients with IBS or
IBD may enter the distal small bowel and colon where they are fermented,
leading to symptoms and increased intestinal permeability (and possibly
inflammation).
Examples of
FODMAPs include:
§ Fructans or inulins
(wheat, onions, garlic, and artichokes)
§ Galactans (beans,
lentils, legumes, cabbage, and Brussels
§ Lactose (dairy)
§ Fructose (fruits, honey, high fructose corn
syrup)
§ Sorbitol
§ Xylitol
§ Mannitol
§ Polyols (sweeteners
containing sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, maltitol, stone fruits such as
avocado, apricots, cherries, nectarines, peaches, plums)
Avoidance of carbohydrates
has been a long-popularized non-pharmacologic approach to reducing symptoms in
IBS (and possibly modifying disease in IBD).
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